The partial knee surgery may be possible if the arthritis in the knee is confined to a limited area. If the arthritis is widespread, then the partial knee replacement is NOT appropriate, and should not be considered.
In addition, the partial knee surgery is recommended in patients who are:
1. Older than 55 years
2. Not obese
3. Relatively sedentary
4. Have intact ligaments (specifically the Anterior crucial ligament)
The knee can be divided into three compartments:
1. Medial Compartment.
2. Lateral Compartment
3. Patello-femoral compartment.
The uni-compartmental implant is designed to replace either the medial or lateral compartment. A unicondylar knee replacement replaces only half of the knee joint. This procedure is performed if the damage is limited to just one side of the joint.
Unicompartmental surgery is performed under a spinal or a general anesthesia. An incision is made over the knee and the worn out cartilage is exposed. The damaged bone is removed and replaced with an implant made of plastic and metal components that mimic the shape and function of a normal knee. The thigh and shin bone may be slightly sculpted to fit the implant. Once the implant is in the proper place, it is secured with bone cement, and the wound is closed with stitches.
The procedure usually takes about one-and-a-half hours to perform.
A unicompartmental knee replacement requires the removal of about a quarter inch of bone.
AFTER SURGERY
Most patients go home the day after surgery (unlike the 3 or 4 days required by a total knee replacement). You can put your full weight on your knee immediately. There is usually less rehabilitation or physical therapy required compared to total knee replacement. Most forms of exercise are acceptable after surgery, including walking, swimming and biking. However, patients should avoid high-impact activities such as jogging.
Total knee replacement is considered a relatively routine surgery with a 95% success rate at 20 years. Age between 65 and 75, of these surgeries, approximately 80% are unilateral (only one knee replaced) and 20% are bilateral.
There are dedicated specialized hospitals in India for Joint Replacerment like Indraprastha Apollo Hospital (New Delhi) , JCI Accredited Apollo Hospitals (Chennai), Wockhardt Hospital, Mumbai. They availed high quality and cost effective advanced surgery in India.
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